Public Ledger

The physical layer of global supply chains

The sites that matter most to global supply chains are often the ones companies know least about: mines, mills, refineries, plantations and processing hubs whose disruption can cascade downstream — and where the first sign of trouble is physical, not disclosed.

Reading the latest observations for every site on the ledger…

01 — The full ledger

137 sites on the record.

Every site we monitor. Marker colour is the site's state, set by its worst domain. Every marker is the same size. Filter by state, sector, country, or worst signal.

Shape and colour — site stateActiveWatchBaselineNot measured2+ here

Colour and shape: site state. A numbered marker is more than one site at the same point — select it to spread them.

Region

State

Sector

Country56 monitored

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Worst signal

2↑ domains reading high or critical5/7 of the seven domains produced a reading here

137 of 137 sitesClick any row to view the record

02 — Active signals

The most active sites.

The sites reading highest right now, each led by whichever domain is worst.

Cargill Santarem Soy Terminal

active · DeforestationEUDR

Brazil · Agriculture · 2.42° S, 54.74° W

83 haForest cleared

−70.2%Vegetation

50%Bare ground

+38%Night lighting

Santarém's exposure is regulatory before it is operational, and the clock is now short. 83 hectares of forest have been cleared in this sourcing area since the end of 2020, and it has not stopped: 9.6 hectares in the six months to August 2026. Soy is inside the EU Deforestation Regulation, which sets no minimum area, and from the end of this year any soy grown on ground cleared after the cut-off cannot lawfully be placed on the EU market. The Amazon soy moratorium that kept traders off newly cleared land fell apart in January when the main traders' association withdrew; this terminal was occupied by Indigenous protesters for a week the same month. Across the sourcing area vegetation is down 70.2% against its normal range for the season, half the ground is bare, and the area is lit 38% more brightly at night than in earlier years — more land in production, not less. The question for any buyer moving soy through Santarém is simple to state: can it show, plot by plot, that none of its volumes came from these hectares.

Next Establish which plots inside the sourcing area were cleared after the cut-off, and whether output from any of them has moved through this terminal — before the Regulation applies at the end of the year.

2.5 ha5 ha7.5 ha3.6 ha6.7 ha4.6 ha4.9 ha9.6 ha0

Deforestation · active · 82.8 ha since 31 Dec 2020Vegetation & surface water · active1 domain quiet

Last acquisition 31 August 2026

Kolwezi Industrial Complex

active · Vegetation & surface water

DRC · Mining · 10.64° S, 25.42° E

−40.3%Vegetation

23%Bare ground

+18%Air vs surroundings

Kolwezi is being worked harder inside a fence that is not moving. The finding is on the ground, not at the edges: vegetation across the complex is down 40.3% against what this season normally looks like here, and 23% of the site now carries nothing at all — stripped, stockpiled or built over. Nothing is being taken from the forest beyond the perimeter, which rules out expansion. The air above the site carries about 18% more nitrogen dioxide than the countryside around it — its own engines and plant, not the region's — and within health limits. This is the shape the DRC's cobalt export quotas would produce: copper keeps moving, cobalt hydroxide has to be held on site, and since August's ban on exporting unrefined material the town's smelters are being pushed to process more at home. The questions for a buyer are about what is piling up — stockpiles, tailings, water — not about land.

Next Ask the operators what is being held on site under the export quota — cobalt hydroxide, concentrate, tailings — where it is stored, and what the water tests say.

Tenke Fungurume Mine

active · Vegetation & surface water

DRC · Mining · 10.57° S, 26.20° E

−42.9%Vegetation

26%Bare ground

24 / 183Days with heat sources

Tenke Fungurume reads like Kolwezi's neighbour because it is one — same copperbelt, same season, same shape of change — but here the driver has a name: CMOC is guiding to double-digit copper growth this year. Vegetation across the site is down 42.9% against its normal range for this time of year and 26% of the ground now carries nothing at all, with no clearing at the perimeter — work inside the existing footprint, not new ground. Heat sources ran on 24 of the last 183 days, most likely the plant rather than burning. The air here is unremarkable and within health limits, which is what separates it from Kolwezi. A three-day strike in early June left no mark on the ground. For a buyer of Tenke's cobalt hydroxide — most of which now sits under the DRC's export quota — the question is where the extra ore, waste and water are going, and whether the water leaving the site is being tested.

Next Ask CMOC what this year's higher copper target means for waste rock, tailings and water draw, and for water-quality results downstream of the site.

Grasberg Mine

active · Deforestation

Indonesia · Mining · 4.06° S, 137.12° E

210 haForest cleared

+169%Air vs surroundings

Grasberg is coming back, and the ground shows it. 210 hectares of forest were cleared in the six months to August 2026 — the most in any six-month period we hold for this site, many times anything in the two years before — in exactly the months Freeport was remediating and restarting the block cave that a mud rush shut in September 2025. The air above the site carries two and a half times the nitrogen dioxide of the countryside around it: engines and plant running, from here, though at ground level it stays within the WHO guideline of 10. Read together, this is a mine rebuilding at pace and taking new ground to do it. Copper and gold sit outside the EU Deforestation Regulation, so this is not a market-access question; for a European buyer of Grasberg copper it is an environmental impact its due diligence should be able to explain — was the cleared ground forest, and was it inside the permit?

Next Ask Freeport what the cleared ground was used for in the restart — remediation, new surface works or waste placement — and whether it was primary forest and inside the permit.

100 ha200 ha1.5 ha3.6 ha9.9 ha

Weda Bay Nickel

active · Deforestation

Indonesia · Mining · 0.49° N, 127.95° E

210 haForest cleared

+345%Air vs surroundings

53 / 183Days with heat sources

+68%Night lighting

The Weda Bay mine went into care and maintenance; the industrial park beside it did not go quiet. The mine's quota ran out in late May and it stayed idle for four months until the restart Eramet announced on September 10. Across the complex — mine and park sit inside our footprint together — activity rose as the stoppage went on: heat sources were detected on 53 of the last 183 days, roughly double the same season a year earlier, and on five days out of seven in each of two consecutive weeks in mid-August; the site is lit 68% more brightly at night than in earlier years; and the air above it carries four and a half times the nitrogen dioxide of the countryside around it — the signature of combustion on site, though the measurement cannot say from which stack. Clearing continued: 210 hectares of forest were detected cleared in the six months to August, following 421 in the six months before. Nickel is not among the seven commodities the EU Deforestation Regulation covers, so for a European buyer the question is not market access but whether its due diligence has noticed that the park it sources from is still taking forest by the hundreds of hectares a season.

Next Ask Eramet and the park operator for the clearing plan behind the last two seasons and whether the cleared ground was inside the permitted concession; separately, establish which smelters continued operating through the mine's four-month stoppage, and on whose ore.

How we use the satellite record.

137 sites on the record.

The most active sites.